Science

This is a complete, free study companion for Science — built around what the exam actually asks. The topics examiners repeat most are Series-parallel resistance, Ohm's law and electric power numericals, Mirror formula, lens formula, magnification and ray diagrams, and pH scale, salts, baking soda, washing soda, bleaching powder and Plaster of Paris. The syllabus runs to 16 chapters. Below you'll find the full topic-frequency ranking, the exam paper pattern, every chapter, a step-by-step study plan, and the official downloads — everything in one place.

Everything here is free. We're an independent student resource, not the official CBSE body, so always confirm the current syllabus and exam dates on the official CBSE website before you rely on them.

Key information

Level: Class 10
Programme: CL10
Exam: All India Senior School Certificate Examination
Conducted by: Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)

Most important topics (by past-paper frequency)

#	Topic	Times asked	Likelihood
1	Series-parallel resistance, Ohm's law and electric power numericals	14	280%
2	Mirror formula, lens formula, magnification and ray diagrams	13	260%
3	pH scale, salts, baking soda, washing soda, bleaching powder and Plaster of Paris	12	240%
4	Life processes: digestion, respiration, transport and excretion	12	240%
5	Mendelian inheritance, monohybrid cross and sex determination	12	240%
6	Modern periodic table trends and electronic configuration	11	220%
7	Human eye defects, dispersion, scattering and atmospheric refraction	11	220%
8	Magnetic effects, solenoid, motor, induction and domestic circuits	11	220%
9	Carbon bonding, catenation, functional groups and homologous series	10	200%
10	Acids and carbonates, neutralisation and dilution of acids	9	180%
11	Ionic compounds, reactivity series and displacement reactions	9	180%
12	Reproduction in plants and human reproductive health	9	180%

Based on how often each topic appeared in official previous-year question papers.

What you will study (chapters)

Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts
Chapter 3: Metals and Non-metals
Chapter 4: Carbon and Its Compounds
Chapter 5: Periodic Classification of Elements
Chapter 6: Life Processes
Chapter 7: Control and Coordination
Chapter 8: How Do Organisms Reproduce?
Chapter 9: Heredity and Evolution
Chapter 10: Light Reflection and Refraction
Chapter 11: The Human Eye and Colourful World
Chapter 12: Electricity
Chapter 13: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
Chapter 14: Sources of Energy
Chapter 15: Our Environment
Chapter 16: Management of Natural Resources

Official textbook

Science — official textbook / study material — Free download from the official source.

How to study Science and score well

Start with the highest-frequency topics — In Science, Series-parallel resistance, Ohm's law and electric power numericals, Mirror formula, lens formula, magnification and ray diagrams, pH scale, salts, baking soda, washing soda, bleaching powder and Plaster of Paris, and Life processes: digestion, respiration, transport and excretion appear again and again in past papers. Master these first — they return the most marks for the time you put in.
Practise with previous-year papers — Solve the last 5–10 years of CBSE Science papers under timed, exam-like conditions. Past papers show exactly which topics repeat and how questions are worded.
Revise actively, not passively — Write a one-page summary for each of the 16 chapters — key definitions, formulas and the points examiners reward — then re-test yourself instead of re-reading.
Mark your answers with the official scheme — After each practice paper, score yourself against the official marking scheme. It shows how marks are awarded step-by-step, so you learn to present answers the way examiners expect.

Exam tips: how to score higher in Science

Where students lose marks: rushing the high-weightage questions, skipping the steps the marking scheme rewards, and saving easy sections for last. Read the whole paper first, attempt your strongest section early to bank marks, and always show your working.

Manage your time: split your time in proportion to the marks each section carries, keep a few minutes at the end to check, and never leave a question blank — a partial, structured answer still earns partial marks.

Frequently asked questions

What are the most important topics in Science?

Based on past papers, the most frequently asked topics include Series-parallel resistance, Ohm's law and electric power numericals, Mirror formula, lens formula, magnification and ray diagrams, pH scale, salts, baking soda, washing soda, bleaching powder and Plaster of Paris. The full ranked list with how often each appears is in the "Most important topics" section above.

Where can I download Science previous-year question papers?

Official CBSE previous-year question papers are available on the official CBSE website. Open the Question Papers section for the direct link, plus the exam pattern and the topics that repeat most.

How can I prepare for Science faster?

Start with the highest-frequency topics, learn the exam pattern so you know how each section is marked, and practise with past papers. A subject-aware study tutor can quiz you on exactly these topics.

A Gyani AI tutor trained on the Science syllabus and past papers can quiz you on the most-asked topics and show you exactly what to revise.